Non-carious lesions of teeth include the following diseases:

Fluorosis  (from the latin Fluorum - fluorine) a chronic disease that is caused by excessive intake of fluoride. Excess of fluoride leads to uneven mineralization, increased fragility, defects of enamel. Typically it occurs when the mineralization of water with fluoride is more than 1.5 mg / liter.

Treatment. During fluorosis, which is manifested only in changing the colour of enamel, local treatment, the essence of which is bleaching with following remineralizational therapy, can give the positive effect. In the period of treatment it is recommended to take calcium preparations. Restoration of natural gloss of enamel is observed within 6-8 months. The course of treatment should be repeated after the appearance of pigmented spots. Strict personal hygiene, the use of toothpaste with mineralizational action are recommended. Methods of reconstruction of the shape and colour of the tooth are widely used during erosive and destructive forms. Composite materials, ceramic veneers or covering teeth with crowns are used.

Enamel hypoplasia  is underdevelopment of enamel because of mineralization derangements. Hypoplasia may be congenital or acquired. Congenital hypoplasia is mostly caused by hereditary defects in its structure. Acquired enamel hypoplasia is often associated with rickets, which leads to disruption of mineralization. There is no pain.

Treatment is local and general. Locally paste containing minerals is applied and deep fluoridation is made. The general treatment is reduced to treating the underlying disease (rickets, etc.).

Enamel hyperesthesia. It is increased sensitivity to the action of physical or chemical factors. Patients complain on pain when taking cold, hot, sweet or salty. Thus, there are no signs of destruction of enamel.

Treatment. In this case the fluoride is usually prescribed. If this treatment fails, then the crowns are proposed to protect teeth from exposure of environmental factors.

Increased dental abrasion. This disease can progress until full grinding of  tooth crown. The main reason is malocclusion, as the load falls not on chewing, but the lateral surface of the tooth, less adapted for grinding of food. Other causes: abnormal mineral metabolism, the effect of corrosive substances (acids, alkalis ).
Treatment should be done in time and directed to correct the derangements.

Wedge-shaped defect  is a V-shaped abrasion of tooth enamel in the neck of the labial side. In young people it is manifested in the form of short-term pain from cold, sour, sweet or when touched with a toothbrush when cleaning. In older patients, pain is often absent. Therefore, their main complaint is an aesthetic shortcoming and the requirement to stop the destruction of the tooth.

The traditional methods of treatment:
1.   Applications of different medications (varnishes, remineralizational solutions).
The main advantage of this method is the observance of the most important Hippokrat's principle "do no harm." Indeed, this method of treatment does not cause the damage to teeth. But it may bring the benefit of getting rid of hypersensitivity. However, after 10-15 visits a single application is enough only for a few hours / minutes. It is impossible to eliminate defect by applications, but it  helps to get rid of pain for some time.

2.  The use of toothpaste that reduces sensitivity.
This method includes all the advantages of the previous and has another advantage, it is cheap. One tube of toothpaste is much cheaper than 10-15 visits to the dentist but the effect is the same. Just as in the first case, to eliminate the defect  and its further development is impossible. Maximum, the pain of teeth necks disappeares.

3. Sealing different materials (glass ionomers, composites, compomers).
This method is the most common treatment option of wedge defects. There are more advantages: pain disappears immediately after the first visit, and what is the most important - it removes the defect and gives a quite good aesthetic result. The trouble is that the cause of the disease is not removed, even by the most expensive seal. So, mechanical stress on the neck of the tooth will continue its negative impact. As a result, seals either drop out entirely, or (usually) remain in place, but detached from the tooth surface, form a slit, which hammeres with food debris and bacteria. The dark line between the filling surface and the tooth, so-called "Funeral rim", is formed.
It is not desirable to leave everything in this form because except the progression of wedge-shaped defect, you can reseive caries in this place. Old filling is removed, a new one is put, and everything starts again.

4. Installation of veneers.
Veneers mean a ceramic lining that covers the entire front and chewing (cutting edge of the front teeth) tooth surfaces. This method is better than the previous one. Except the excellent aesthetics, sometimes it is possible to achieve the elimination of the causes (prevent relapse for some teeth). But the question of the strength of the veneer arises. Maximum load will be put on  it, but this design is fragile and sometimes it can not sustain those efforts, which the tooth enamel itself can.

5. Production of artificial crowns (metal or whole piece).
It is a radical, but very effective solution if the end of the crown overlaps the wedge-shaped defect with a reserve. But mostly this reserve is absent, the defect is located at the gum and grind the tooth under the crown below the attachment of gingival edge is strongly contraindicated. In addition, protecting some teeth, crowns can threaten the other. It turns out that even such  robust constructions as the crowns do not always solve the issue. The wedge-shaped defects can continue its destructive effect on the neighboring teeth. All of the above treatment options have one common drawback, they do not normalize the bite, do not eliminate the cause of the disease. So, if a toothpaste helped someone or banal seal serves faithfully, it is rather the luck. You are lucky, despite of the inadequate treatment.
Optimization of occlusion is competent, predictable, reliable treatment of the wedge-shaped defect. First of all, a thorough analysis of occlusion should be done. This is done by a detailed review of maxillofacial region, and by studying the movements of jaw models in articulator. 

Then, when the traumatising factors were found, the most rational way of optimizing the occlusion is chosen. There are three areas: orthodontic (braces installation), orthopedic (making artificial crowns on individual teeth, most often - on pointed teeth) and selective polish. And usually we choose two  directions. The process of treating is long (especially if you need the orthodontic treatment), but remarkable result is achieved in the final. When occlusion is in order, then we can put a beautiful seal or veneer, crown or just do applique, if the defect is just beginning.
Also, one more fact is worth mentioning. During the analysis of occlusion the doctor can detect early signs of other diseases. As far as the wedge-shaped defect is only a symptom a of tooth-jaw dysfunction. The optimization of occlusion saves not only from the wedge-shaped defect, but also from cracks and chipped  teeth, periodontal injury, gum recession, myalgia, articular pain. Those patients, who choose the most rational method of treatment of wedge-shaped defect,  receive such a nice bonus.

Chemical necrosis.  It happens to people who are constantly in contact with corrosive environments, mainly in manufacturing. Acid (nitric, sulfuric, lactic, acetic, orthophosphoric), alkali and some other substances damage the enamel. Acids may affect, directly entering the mouth, or dissolved in saliva after penetration through the respiratory system. Vapor of acids and alkalis, dissolving in the saliva begin to flush out the calcium from teeth, which leads to a gradual dissolution of enamel and dentin. The disease manifests with a sense of soreness of the mouth and tooth hypersensitivity, then the pain joins. No obvious defects. The enamel is being uniformly dissolved, becoming rough, dentin is gradually exposing. This leads to pathological abrasion of the teeth. Treatment is the exclusion of harmful factors, the use of neutralizing solutions, special medical toothpastes, restorative therapy.